什么是3D Touch
3D Touch是iOS9中引入的新的人机交互方式，它允许用户按压屏幕预览内容或者打开快捷键。
Home Screen Quick Actions（主页快捷键）
用力按压主页的应用图标，会显示主页快捷键。如图：
静态配置快捷键
需要在info.plist文件中手动配置，如下图：
一些主要的key:
UIApplicationShortcutItems：数组中的元素就是我们的那些快捷选项标签。
UIApplicationShortcutItemTitle：标签标题（必填）
UIApplicationShortcutItemType：标签的唯一标识（必填）
UIApplicationShortcutItemIconType：使用系统图标的类型，如搜索、定位、home等（可选）
UIApplicationShortcutItemIconFile：使用项目中的图片作为标签图标（可选）
UIApplicationShortcutItemSubtitle：标签副标题（可选）
UIApplicationShortcutItemUserInfo：字典信息，如传值使用（可选）
动态配置快捷键(代码添加)
/**
创建应用图标上的3D touch快捷选项
*/
- (void)creatShortcutItem {
//创建系统风格的icon
// UIApplicationShortcutIcon *icon = [UIApplicationShortcutIcon iconWithType:UIApplicationShortcutIconTypeAdd];
//创建自定义图标的icon
// UIApplicationShortcutIcon *icon2 = [UIApplicationShortcutIcon iconWithTemplateImageName:@"分享.png"];
//创建快捷选项
UIApplicationShortcutItem *shareItem = [[UIApplicationShortcutItem alloc] initWithType:@"com.cxy.-DTouch.share" localizedTitle:@"分享" localizedSubtitle:@"分享联系人信息" icon:[UIApplicationShortcutIcon iconWithType:UIApplicationShortcutIconTypeShare] userInfo:nil];
UIApplicationShortcutItem *searchItem = [[UIApplicationShortcutItem alloc] initWithType:@"com.cxy.-DTouch.search" localizedTitle:@"搜索" localizedSubtitle:@"搜索联系人" icon:[UIApplicationShortcutIcon iconWithType:UIApplicationShortcutIconTypeSearch] userInfo:nil];
UIApplicationShortcutItem * addItem = [[UIApplicationShortcutItem alloc] initWithType:@"com.cxy.-DTouch.add" localizedTitle:@"添加" localizedSubtitle:@"添加联系人到通讯录" icon:[UIApplicationShortcutIcon iconWithType:UIApplicationShortcutIconTypeAdd] userInfo:nil];
//添加到快捷选项数组
[UIApplication sharedApplication].shortcutItems = @[shareItem, searchItem, addItem];
// UIApplicationShortcutItem *shortcutItem = [launchOptions valueForKey:UIApplicationLaunchOptionsShortcutItemKey];
}
然后在application:didFinishLaunchingWithOptions:方法中调用即可
- (BOOL)application:(UIApplication *)application didFinishLaunchingWithOptions:(NSDictionary *)launchOptions {
//创建应用图标上的3D touch快捷选项
[self creatShortcutItem];
return YES;
}
动态修改shortcutItem:
/**
改变快捷按钮显示文字
*/
- (void)changeShortcutItem {
//将shortcutItem0的类型由UIApplicationShortcutItem改为可修改类型UIMutableApplicationShortcutItem
UIApplicationShortcutItem *shortcutItem0 = [[UIApplication sharedApplication].shortcutItems objectAtIndex:0];
UIMutableApplicationShortcutItem * newShortcutItem0 = [shortcutItem0 mutableCopy];
//修改shortcutItem的标题
[newShortcutItem0 setLocalizedTitle:@"按钮1"];
//将shortcutItems数组改为可变数组
NSMutableArray *newShortcutItems = [[UIApplication sharedApplication].shortcutItems mutableCopy];
//替换原ShortcutItem
[newShortcutItems replaceObjectAtIndex:0 withObject:newShortcutItem0];
[UIApplication sharedApplication].shortcutItems = newShortcutItems;
}
响应相应快捷键操作
/**
如果是从快捷选项标签启动app，则根据不同标识执行不同操作，然后返回NO，防止调用
@param application <#application description#>
@param shortcutItem <#shortcutItem description#>
@param completionHandler <#completionHandler description#>
*/
- (void)application:(UIApplication *)application performActionForShortcutItem:(UIApplicationShortcutItem *)shortcutItem completionHandler:(void (^)(BOOL))completionHandler {
if (shortcutItem) {
//判断先前我们设置的快捷选项标签唯一标识，根据不同标识执行不同操作
if([shortcutItem.type isEqualToString:@"com.cxy.-DTouch.share"]) {//进入分享界面
NSArray *arr = @[@"3D Touch 分享"];
UIActivityViewController *vc = [[UIActivityViewController alloc] initWithActivityItems:arr applicationActivities:nil];
[self.window.rootViewController presentViewController:vc animated:YES completion:^{
}];
} else if ([shortcutItem.type isEqualToString:@"com.cxy.-DTouch.search"]) {//进入搜索界面
// NSArray *arr = @[@"3D Touch 搜索"];
// UISearchController *searchVC = [[UISearchController alloc] init];
// searchVC.title = @"搜索";
// [(UINavigationController *)self.window.rootViewController pushViewController:searchVC animated:YES];
UIViewController *vc = [UIViewController new];
// [vc.view addSubview:searchVC.searchBar];
[self.window.rootViewController presentViewController:vc animated:YES completion:^{
}];
} else if ([shortcutItem.type isEqualToString:@"com.cxy.-DTouch.add"]) {//进入分享界面
UIStoryboard *storyboard = [UIStoryboard storyboardWithName:@"Main" bundle:nil];
UIViewController *addContactsVC = [storyboard instantiateViewControllerWithIdentifier:@"AddContactsViewController"];
[(UINavigationController *)self.window.rootViewController pushViewController:addContactsVC animated:YES];
}
completionHandler(YES);
}
return completionHandler(NO);
}
peek（轻压展示预览）和pop（用力按压直接跳页至预览的界面）
首先给view注册3DTouch的peek（预览）和pop功能，我这里给cell注册3DTouch的peek（预览）和pop功能
- (UITableViewCell *)tableView:(UITableView *)tableView cellForRowAtIndexPath:(NSIndexPath *)indexPath {
static NSString *ReuseID = @"Cell";
UITableViewCell *cell = [tableView dequeueReusableCellWithIdentifier:ReuseID];
if (!cell) {
cell = [[UITableViewCell alloc] initWithStyle:UITableViewCellStyleDefault reuseIdentifier:ReuseID];
}
cell.textLabel.text = self.dataArray[indexPath.row];
if (self.traitCollection.forceTouchCapability == UIForceTouchCapabilityAvailable) {
NSLog(@"3D Touch 可用!");
//给cell注册3DTouch的peek（预览）和pop功能
[self registerForPreviewingWithDelegate:self sourceView:cell];
} else {
NSLog(@"3D Touch 无效");
}
return cell;
}
需要继承协议UIViewControllerPreviewingDelegate
实现UIViewControllerPreviewingDelegate方法
//peek(轻按预览)
- (nullable UIViewController *)previewingContext:(id <UIViewControllerPreviewing>)previewingContext viewControllerForLocation:(CGPoint)location {
//获取按压的cell所在行，[previewingContext sourceView]就是按压的那个视图
NSIndexPath *indexPath = [self.tableView indexPathForCell:(UITableViewCell* )[previewingContext sourceView]];
//设定预览的界面
PreviewViewController *childVC = [PreviewViewController new];
childVC.preferredContentSize = CGSizeMake(0.0f,500.0f);
NSString *str = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"我是%@,用力按一下进来", self.dataArray[indexPath.row]];
childVC.str = str;
//调整不被虚化的范围，按压的那个cell不被虚化（轻轻按压时周边会被虚化，再少用力展示预览，再加力跳页至设定界面）
CGRect rect = CGRectMake(0, 0, self.view.frame.size.width,40);
previewingContext.sourceRect = rect;
//返回预览界面
return childVC;
}
//pop（按用点力进入）
- (void)previewingContext:(id <UIViewControllerPreviewing>)previewingContext commitViewController:(UIViewController *)viewControllerToCommit {
[self showViewController:viewControllerToCommit sender:self];
}
增加预览操作
在预览界面控制器中重写previewActionItems方法，在其中自定义预览操作和事件回调。
- (NSArray<id<UIPreviewActionItem>> *)previewActionItems {
// setup a list of preview actions
UIPreviewAction *action1 = [UIPreviewAction actionWithTitle:@"Aciton1" style:UIPreviewActionStyleDefault handler:^(UIPreviewAction * _Nonnull action, UIViewController * _Nonnull previewViewController) {
NSLog(@"Aciton1");
ActionViewController *actionVC = [ActionViewController new];
[(UINavigationController *)[UIApplication sharedApplication].keyWindow.rootViewController pushViewController:actionVC animated:YES];
}];
UIPreviewAction *action2 = [UIPreviewAction actionWithTitle:@"Aciton2" style:UIPreviewActionStyleDefault handler:^(UIPreviewAction * _Nonnull action, UIViewController * _Nonnull previewViewController) {
NSLog(@"Aciton2");
}];
UIPreviewAction *action3 = [UIPreviewAction actionWithTitle:@"Aciton3" style:UIPreviewActionStyleDefault handler:^(UIPreviewAction * _Nonnull action, UIViewController * _Nonnull previewViewController) {
NSLog(@"Aciton3");
}];
NSArray *actions = @[action1,action2,action3];
return actions;
}
效果图：（当用户按下时cell周边会虚化，增加压力达到一定值会弹出设定的预览界面，继续增加力按压会跳页至预览界面）
force属性
iOS9以后, UITouch类增加了2个新属性force和maximumPossible以支持自定义3D Touch. force属性是CGFloat类型，表示压力大小，在一个范围类动态变化。用例：
//按住移动or压力值改变时的回调
-(void)touchesMoved:(NSSet<UITouch *> *)touches withEvent:(UIEvent *)event {
NSArray *arrayTouch = [touches allObjects];
UITouch *touch = (UITouch *)[arrayTouch lastObject];
//红色背景的label显示压力值
_forceLabel.text = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"压力%f",touch.force];
}
参考：
Getting Started with 3D Touch